Pronunciation Roots:
The basic set of consonants common to most Indian languages have been categorized according to their source in the body. (Throat, Palate, teeth, lips etc.) The 5 Varga (groups) are: ka, kha ga, gha, gn; ch, cha, ja, jha, yn, t, th, d, dh, n; T, Th, D, Dh, N; and p, ph, b, bh, m. In each Varga the last consonant is nasal. When an Anuswar (n / m) preceedes a consonant, it represents the nasal sound of that Varga.
Thus the words: anga, sanchit, santha, aNDa, amba.
Similar pronunciation is seen in English: anguish, puncture, anthropology, aND, ambiguity.
Nasal sound before hard D, T is pronunced as hard N: as in Andrew, saint, sand, wand.
Nasal sound before soft d, t is pronunced as soft n: as in synthesis.
Nasal sound before before g is pronunced as: song, single, swing, anger.
Nasal sound before b, p is pronounced as m: as in amplify, symbiosys, simple.
Me and mine ...
| Sanskrit |
English |
| ma |
me |
| swa |
self |
| tva |
thou, you |
| matru |
mother |
| pitru |
fater (pater) |
| bhraatra |
brother |
| swasar |
sister |
| suunu |
son |
| duhiter |
daughter |
Geometry ...
| kon (angle) |
octa-gon, penta-gon (8 angled, 5 angled etc.) |
| miti (measure) |
metric, meter, measure (latin metiri) |
| tri-kona-miti |
trignometry |
| gouh (earth) |
geometry, geography (greek geos) |
| lok (place) |
location, locus, locale |
| tatra |
there |
Numbers ...
| ek (one or same) |
equal |
| dvi (two) |
duet, dual, double, duo |
| tri (three) |
three, triple |
| chatur (four) |
quarter, quarternary, quadrate |
| panch (five) |
pentagon |
| sapta (seven) |
septulets, septagon |
| ashta (eight) |
eight, octagon |
| nav |
nine |
| dasha (ten) |
decagon, decade |
| shatam (hundred) |
century, centipede (latin centum) |
|
Prefixes and postfixes:
The postfix 'er' in words like: sonar, kumbhar etc. indicate the occupation.
Same postfix is seen in English: teacher, farmer, worker etc. indicate the occupation.
The prefix 'a' makes opposties meaning. Example: mruta-amruta, karma-akarma, swacha-aswacha.
Mind and Body:
| manav |
man, men |
| yuva |
youth, young |
| manas |
mind, mental |
| mukh (face) |
Mouth (old english muth) |
| kapal (head) |
as in per "capita", captain, capital |
| bhru |
brow |
| akshi (eye) |
occipital, occular |
| nasika |
nose, nostril, nasal |
| danta (tooth) |
dental, denture |
| hrid |
heart |
| janu |
knee (french genou) |
| pad (feet) |
pedicure, pedestrian, centipede |
| sweda |
sweat |
Actions ...
| asti |
ist, is (greek esti) |
| bandha (bind) |
bind, bandage |
| ga |
go |
| gam |
come |
| hanta (kill) |
hunt |
| hara (destroy) |
harass |
| iccha, isha (to wish) |
wish |
| jan (produce offspring, born) |
generate, genocide |
| kath (say, talk) |
quote |
Others ...
| antar |
inter-national, interior |
| madhya |
middle, mediocre, moderate |
| ant |
end |
| dama (home) |
domicile, domestic |
| dana |
donate |
| dev (god) |
divine |
| dwar |
door |
| gow |
cow |
| kaal (time) |
calendar (latin kalendae) |
| maas (month) |
month |
| mooshak |
mouse |
| mruta (death) |
mortal, murder, mortuary (latin mortalis) |
| na |
no |
| nawa |
new |
| path |
path |
| raaj (king, rule) |
rich, regal, regulate |
| sama |
same |
| sarpa |
serpent |
| sharkara |
saccharin, sucrose, sugar |
| smit |
smile |
| swadu |
sweet |
| taru |
tree |
| tat |
that |
| vak, vaacha |
voice, vocal |
| vastra (clothing) |
vestura |
| veda, vidya (from vid) (knowledge) |
wit, wise (from vid) | |
