1800 CE Map

Modern India: The Maratha power was at its peak, dominating the whole continent, before the advent of British. Religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism and Islam.

Modern Pakistan and Afghanistan: In 1747 Ahmed Shah Durrani established the Pashtun (or Pakhtun) rule in Afghanistan and Pakistan. He fought against the Marathas in the one day battle of Panipat that claimed 100,000 lives and enslaved thousands of women and children. They also fought many battles with the Sikh power which were as bloody and brutal as the third battle of Panipat. Religions: Islam, Hinduism, Sikh.

Persia: Religions: Islam.