The time is measured from 0.2 seconds to 8.7 billion years! The age of Solar system is about 4.5 billion years and the Universe is about 13.7 billion years old. It is amazing that more than 7,000 years ago sages could comprehend such huge values and appreciate time (kaal) as "anant"!
Another basis for time measurement is with help of 4 Mandala's: Chandra, Pruthvi, Surya, and Parmeshthi. Each Mandala denotes the time required for a revolution around its parent.
Chandra Mandala: is revolution of the Moon around the Earth. Time it measures is a Month.
Pruthvi Mandala: is revolution of the Earth around the Sun. Time it measures is a Year.
Surya Mandala: is revolution of the Sun around the Centre of the Milky Way. Time it measures is a Manvantar. @300 million years (by modern sciences this figure is @250 million years)
Parmeshthi Mandala: is revolution of the Milky Way around Brahmanda (Universe?) Time it measures is a Kalpa 8.7 billion years.